DoorDash CEO Tony Xu says path to autonomous deliveries filled with ‘lots of pain and suffering’ but company is nearing first inning of commercial progress

“Candidly, it’s mostly been filled with lots of pain and suffering,” Xu said in an on-stage interview on Monday at Fortune’s Brainstorm Tech conference in Park City, Utah.

DoorDash has been working on autonomy and robotics technology since about 2017, Xu said in what he described as a “long journey.” Any company trying to get involved in autonomous technology and do it at scale must master a variety of different skills, he said: “Imagine learning a new sport, but that sport has five different subdomains just to say that you’re a rookie at that sport.”

You have to build the hardware, develop the software, and fine-tune the delivery network, too—particularly in the instance that an autonomous delivery vehicle ends up getting stuck and needing human intervention. “It’s very rare that one company is equally good at all of those skills,” Xu said. “I think we have the potential to be one of those companies, but I think we’re still very early in building the competence.”

DoorDash has been taking a multi-pronged approach—partnering with other companies on things like robot and drone deliveries, but also developing some of its own autonomous technology in-house. For example, DoorDash is working with Coco Robotics to test out robots that transport food and groceries via sidewalks in Los Angeles and Chicago, and it has been conducting drone deliveries with Alphabet drone subsidiary, Wing, in Australia. Internally, the company has its own arm called “DoorDash Labs” where the company is working on proprietary delivery robots.

Xu said that those long-term investments the company started making eight years ago have started to pay off. Those investments are “starting to actually get to maybe the first inning of commercial progress.”

When asked where customers could experience some of these forms of autonomy in the U.S., Xu specified that there are no formal autonomous commercial operations just yet.

“We don’t have it yet operating today. A lot of it is in test forms,” Xu said. But he pointed out that drone delivers are happening in Australia and that DoorDash has started to get the permits necessary to start doing drone deliveries in “select cities” in the U.S.

Thus far, there is no specific timeline—or, at least, not one Xu is ready to talk about publicly.

“Let’s see how fast the team can deliver,” he said.